Dog vestibular disease can be one of the most frightening experiences for an owner. You may suddenly find your dog unable to stand, with his head tilted severely. Many owners panic, fearing their dog has had a stroke or another catastrophic neurological event.
This condition, often called old dog vestibular syndrome, is a disturbance of the dog’s balance system. The vestibular system, located in the inner ear and brain, is his internal compass. When it is disrupted, it causes sudden and intense vertigo.
Despite the dramatic appearance, the most common form is often not life-threatening. Understanding the signs and providing supportive care is crucial for his recovery. With time and patience, most dogs can regain their footing and adapt.
Tip: If your dog shows these signs, stay calm. The most important immediate step is to prevent him from falling down stairs or injuring himself while he is disoriented.
Symptoms of Canine Vertigo
The signs of canine vertigo are sudden and alarming. The most prominent symptom is a severe head tilt. You will also likely notice rapid, flickering eye movements (called nystagmus). This dizziness results in a loss of balance.
Your dog may be unable to stand or walk, often falling or rolling to one side. This is known as ataxia, or a “drunken” gait. Because he is so dizzy, he may also experience nausea, which can lead to vomiting or a refusal to eat.
What Causes Dog Vestibular Disease?
A veterinary visit is essential to determine the cause. While some causes are serious, the most common form in older dogs is, fortunately, less dangerous.
The “Idiopathic” Form
“Idiopathic” means the specific cause is unknown. This is the most common diagnosis, especially in senior dogs. It has a very sudden onset but typically begins to improve on its own within a few days.
Other Potential Causes
Your vet will need to rule out other issues. A middle or inner ear infection is a common cause of dog balance problems. Trauma to the head, tumours, or even hypothyroidism can also affect the vestibular system.
How to Care for a Dog with Balance Problems
Supportive care is the primary treatment for idiopathic vestibular disease. Your dog is scared and disoriented, so your main job is to keep him safe and comfortable.
Create a safe, padded area on the floor, away from stairs. You will likely need to help him go outside for the toilet, possibly using a sling or harness for support. Hand-feeding nutrient rich meals, or bringing water bowls right to him may be necessary, as he may be too dizzy to eat or drink on his own. Your vet may also prescribe medication for nausea.
Interesting Fact: The rapid, flickering eye movement (nystagmus) is a key diagnostic sign for vets. It is the direct cause of the dog’s intense dizziness and nausea.
FAQs – Understanding Dog Vestibular Disease
1. Is dog vestibular disease a stroke?
This is the most common fear, but they are different. While a stroke can cause similar signs, idiopathic vestibular disease is much more common and has a better prognosis.
2. How long does vestibular disease in dogs last?
The acute, severe phase usually lasts from 24 to 72 hours. Most dogs show significant improvement within a week or two. A residual head tilt may sometimes remain.
3. Can a dog recover from vestibular disease?
Yes, most dogs with the idiopathic form make a full or near-full recovery. Supportive home care is key to this success.
4. Is dog vestibular disease painful?
The condition itself is not considered painful. However, the intense dizziness and nausea are very distressing and disorienting for the dog.
5. Should I hand-feed my dog?
Yes, you may need to. He will likely be nauseous and reluctant to eat. Hand-feeding, offering high-value (but bland) foods, and holding his water bowl steady can help him stay hydrated and nourished.
6. Does it only happen to old dogs?
It is most common in senior dogs, which is why it is called “old dog vestibular syndrome.” However, vestibular issues from other causes, like ear infections, can happen at any age.
7. Can dog vestibular disease happen again?
Recurrence is possible with the idiopathic form, but it is not common. If the vestibular signs return, it is important to see your vet again to rule out an underlying cause.
Tip: A non-slip mat is essential. Your dog will have lost his confidence in a normal floor, so providing a high-traction surface is vital for his comfort and safety.
In Closing
Seeing your dog with acute vestibular disease is alarming, but the prognosis is often very good. The common idiopathic form, while dramatic, typically resolves with time and dedicated supportive care. By managing his environment to keep him safe, helping him eat and drink, and offering calm reassurance, you can guide him through this dizzying spell and back to his happy self.
